at about 50 billion RM, so that we can draw the conclusion
 
that the standard of living of the German people has been
 
lowered  by nearly one-fifth. It should be kept in mind, to be sure,
 
 that  there were, in the first place, certain possibilities of avoiding
 
 consumption by the using up of portions of the national wealth, as for
 
example by decreasing the number of cattle, failure to make investments
 
in place of others, clearing out of stock,etc
 
 
 
                                                                                1938*     1939**        1940**
                                                                                 In the billions of RM
                                                                                ---------------------------  
National income                                                        80        about 94        about 90 
                                                                                                
 
Plus taxes not included in national income                15.2        19.1           about 19
 
Social product; in the broader  sense                        95.2      about 113     about 109      
 
Minus total expenditures of
the public authorities                                                45.6         62.2          about 74
 
Remainder                                                               49.6 a     about   51      about 35 
 
Plus transfer of income by the government              8.1            11.7           about 15
 
Portion of the national income
available for private enterprise                                 57.7      about 63       about 50
 
 
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
* Old Reich, including the Saar
** Including Austria and the Sudenland, but without the newly incorporated eastern territory.