her sphere of influence.
 
The establishment of this control involves:
 
    (a) Establishing direct administrative control over the whole of the province. Important in this
connection is the area, apparently north off the main watershed off the Aitai Mountains in the
northern tip of Sinkiang, which is claimed by both Sinkismg and Outer Mongolia. This dispute,
though denied officially in Chungking, is admitted by unimpeachable official Chinese sources in
Sinkiang. It is also shown by a comparison of Chinese and foreign maps (see sketch which forms
enclosure no. 2). The disputed area is of strategic importance for planned future efforts by China
to regain Outer Mongolia.
 
    (b) Breaking up stubborn and largely independent racial minorities such as the Kaz aks. One of
the main centers of the Kazak population is this disputed Altai region where they have lived in the
past with little governmental control.
 
    (c) Overcoming continuing local opposition to Central Government control. The majority of
the populationof Sinkiang is non-Chinese and Chinese control there has always been unstable. It is
reported that the people are nottaking enthusiastically to the present Chinese at. tempt to reassert
this control. There are stories, four instance, that there have been disturbances in which some off
the recent Chinese settlers transported to Sinkiang by the Central Government have been killed.
Contributing causes to such trouble, it may be assumed are the limited amount of irrigable land in
Sinking and the historic tendency of the agricultural Chinese to encroach upon and destroy the
grasslands wnich the livelihood of the nomadic population depends. Other causes of local
opposition are also understandable. The Chinese in the past, and in the recent plans and
statements of the Generalissimo, show an inability to conceive or adopt means of control
other than colonization and the use of military power. There is not even talk, forinstance, of plans