-4-                             
 
 
counselled by the canny John Locke, moved into the slums
 
of London, organized groups of shouting, hurrahing fol-
 
lowers, gained control of a parliament which could not
 
longer be postponed and brought the cheap autocrat's
 
life to a miserable end in 1684; and the long subdued
 
lower middle classes of the country united with the new
 
aristocracy and made the unloved William III of Holland
 
King of Engalnd. All the larger cities and more develop
 
ed shires, supported by the angry colonies from Massachu-
 
setts to South Carolina, shouted loud harrahs. It was the
 
"glorious revolution," hardly a score of lives lost in the
 
process. All the strenuous decrees of Charles II became
 
dead letters which no one seriously heeded. Seventy years
 
later when George III tried to revamp the system, the
 
colonies revolted and started a world commotion which
 
lasted thirty years. Stuart economic nationalism had
 
failed.
 
 
                                                            
                            IV.                             
                                                            
 
 
The English had hardly launched their scheme
 
before John Baptiste Colbert, master statesman about
 
Louis XIV, contrived a better system for the perfect
 
government of France. Son of a more trader of Rheime,
 
he invented a pedigree which proved himself to be of
 
noble birth, and he managed to get it to the snobbish
 
young monarch. That was enough. He was granted despotic
 
powers. He dispossessed hundreds of great families of
 
newly rich folk, handed their properties over to the
 
Crown, condemned thousands to death because they resisted
 
                                                   him.