Take the case of one family which I picked up. There was the father of some thirty years of age, his wife, and their three weeks' old babe. They had been bombed out completely, had only a few pennies and were going from pillar to post seeking food and shelter. The father was a working man and, though having each day to worry about what would happen to his wife and child, had regularly to report for duty in order to hold his position. Not being a skilled person, his rate of pay was extremely low, in feet less than 3.10.0. per week. On this wage, however, he could during normal times feed, shelter and clothe his family and simultaneously put by a few pence each day. Now, his whole existence is a precarious one and it is extremely doubtful whether, unless the State steps in, either his wife or child will survive. This is an extreme case but there are many extreme cases. Every morning, on whatever road Birmingham is approached, there are to be seen groups of shivering and distracted working-class people who have waited for hours in the cold weather for some kind of transport. Most of the women and children amonh these, on account of their financial state, must largely depend upon the kindness of motorists, not being able regularly to pay ordinary transport charges. Women with children seen along the roads very frequently follow the practice of daily returning to Coventry or Birmingham, mainly for two reasons. In the first place, they are not welcome at their temporary refugees during the day. In the second place, they wish to go into the towns where their husbands are employed in order to do what they can for their husbands' comfort and to have their husbands accompany them when they depart for the country towards dark. One housewife told me that although her home had been rendered uninhabitable as a residence, she daily went there to cook the only regular meal which her husband could enjoy. A policy, as necessary as it may be, which imposes a dreadful hardsh %ip upon working class housewives and their children is one which has been adopted by road transport services. It is a policy of giving first preference to actual workers. As transport facilities are not ample to take care of the class of refugees in question, it means that actual workers are accepted as passengers and their women folk and children left to shiver on the roadside. It ought to be stressed that the transient refugees under discussion constitute, after all, only a section of the working class populations of the urban areas in this part of the United Kingdom. The rest remain in their homes or such shelters as may be available during raids, but the women folk among the rest are having their mental health gradually undermined by sheer fright. At/ |