Take the case of one family which I picked up. There was the
father of some thirty years of age, his wife, and their three
weeks' old babe. They had been bombed out completely, had only
a few pennies and were going from pillar to post seeking food
and shelter. The father was a working man and, though having
each day to worry about what would happen to his wife and child,
had regularly to report for duty in order to hold his position.
Not being a skilled person, his rate of pay was extremely low,
in feet less than 3.10.0. per week. On this wage, however, he
could during normal times feed, shelter and clothe his family
and simultaneously put by a few pence each day. Now, his whole
existence is a precarious one and it is extremely doubtful whether,
unless the State steps in, either his wife or child will survive.
This is an extreme case but there are many extreme cases.
Every morning, on whatever road Birmingham is approached,
there are to be seen groups of shivering and distracted working-class
people who have waited for hours in the cold weather for some
kind of transport. Most of the women and children amonh these,
on account of their financial state, must largely depend upon
the kindness of motorists, not being able regularly to pay ordinary
transport charges.
Women with children seen along the roads very frequently follow
the practice of daily returning to Coventry or Birmingham, mainly
for two reasons. In the first place, they are not welcome at
their temporary refugees during the day. In the second place,
they wish to go into the towns where their husbands are employed
in order to do what they can for their husbands' comfort and
to have their husbands accompany them when they depart for the
country towards dark.
One housewife told me that although her home had been rendered
uninhabitable as a residence, she daily went there to cook the
only regular meal which her husband could enjoy.
A policy, as necessary as it may be, which imposes a dreadful
hardsh %ip upon working class housewives and their children is
one which has been adopted by road transport services. It is
a policy of giving first preference to actual workers. As transport
facilities are not ample to take care of the class of refugees
in question, it means that actual workers are accepted as passengers
and their women folk and children left to shiver on the roadside.
It ought to be stressed that the transient refugees under
discussion constitute, after all, only a section of the working
class populations of the urban areas in this part of the United
Kingdom. The rest remain in their homes or such shelters as may
be available during raids, but the women folk among the rest
are having their mental health gradually undermined by sheer
fright.
At/