the field of actual distribution. The real help to Italy might come from   
allowing this National Organization to function. American Relief for Italy   
has given the first example of this--creating a national agency for the   
purpose of relief distribution. ARI knew it was too hard a field and desired   
to send help practically. The best plan is to allow the National Institution   
to function. I feel it would be a mistake to have another foreign agency   
starting so late in an activity of this kind.
 
     
 
 
Brig. Parkinson: I think I can clear up that point reasonably well. I am   
in at the top level on this thing. UNRRA is prepared to use all available   
organizations that are existing in any place in which they will work--any of   
the government established organizations. They are not prepared, however, to   
be tied down to making use exclusively of this National Committee for   
Distribution.
 
     
 
 
Ing. Galeazzi: An element of contact between the two is very convenient   
and expedient. The ENDSI is needed as a liaison between the origin of supplies   
and distribution. Some organization of this kind, knowing fully the different   
activities in this field, I believe, is quite necessary in this work. If they   
are not prepared to use the ENDSI, they will have to form some other   
organization, and I don't know how it can be any different and be successful.
 
     
 
 
Brig. Parkinson: You have this organization for distribution. What they   
say is that they are not prepared to present their material to the top and let   
it be distributed in the various areas, and whatever organization is   
functioning in the various areas, they will use it there. There are two   
different points--one is that they are not prepared to hand it over at the   
top, but they are prepared to give out the material with their own   
organization in complete control.
 
     
 
 
Mr. Taylor: Do they seek to take the place of the National Committee and   
to dictate what should be done with all the supplies. In addition, do they   
want the Government to pay into UNRRA an amount equal to the cost of supplies?
 
     
 
 
Ing. Galeazzi: They will have to keep a local organization, which they   
could do without organizing if they used the organization alread formed--but   
it's up to them now.
 
     
 
 
Mr. Taylor: If UNRRA wholeheartedly went out to do a simple, economical   
operation of distribution. To my mind ENDSI has all that is needed. I would   
not require a large staff to do it. On the medical side it would parallel the   
Allied Commission in one proposed field. It would parallel the field of   
malaria in which is the Army and the Rockefeller Institute and the Italian   
Government.
 
     
 
 
Col.McSweeney: In conformity with your suggestion about letting the   
Italian people carry on their own work--we really have an experimental field   
already set up in Southern Italy in relation to the welfare system. I had the   
honor of being Welfare Officer in one of the regions, but my staff was split   
up before I had the opportunity of introducing an American system, and the   
Italian system wsa used. Now we have 15 agencies in this area operating under   
the Italian system in conjunction with ONMI and ECA. We also have a highly   
developed American welfare system in Sicily. It will be interesting to see   
which one will be operated best. We thought from the two we would suggest   
something to the Italian Government. We feel that the ECA and the ONMI will   
be better for the Italian people and will be adopted by them.